The simple answer is: cedar is a softwood. This often surprises people, as cedar can be quite strong and durable, sometimes appearing deceptively "hard." However, the classification of hardwood and softwood isn't about hardness, but rather about the type of tree it comes from.
Let's delve deeper into the botanical distinction to understand why cedar falls into the softwood category.
What's the Difference Between Hardwood and Softwood?
The terms "hardwood" and "softwood" are based on the tree's reproductive structure:
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Softwoods: Come from coniferous trees (cone-bearing). These trees typically have needles, not broad leaves, and their wood is generally softer, lighter, and less dense than hardwood. Examples include pine, spruce, fir, and – you guessed it – cedar.
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Hardwoods: Come from deciduous trees (broad-leaved). These trees lose their leaves seasonally and typically have harder, denser wood. Examples include oak, maple, cherry, and mahogany.
While the terms suggest a difference in hardness, there are exceptions. Some softwoods, like certain types of cedar, can be quite dense and strong, while some hardwoods can be relatively soft. The distinction remains primarily botanical.
Why the Confusion? Cedar's Strength and Appearance
Cedar's strength and aromatic nature often lead to misconceptions. It's a popular choice for outdoor applications like fencing and siding due to its natural resistance to rot and insects. This durability adds to the perception of it being a hardwood. However, its botanical classification remains firmly within the softwood family.
What are the Different Types of Cedar?
There are several types of cedar, each with its own characteristics and uses. The most common include:
- Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana): Found in eastern North America, this is a popular choice for fence posts, chests, and aromatic products.
- Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata): Native to the Pacific Northwest, it's highly valued for its rot resistance and is used extensively in construction, siding, and boatbuilding.
- Incense Cedar (Calocedrus decurrens): Grows in the western United States and is known for its pleasant aroma and use in closets and chests.
- Atlas Cedar (Cedrus atlantica): A species native to the Atlas Mountains of Morocco and Algeria, often used in landscaping and woodworking.
- Deodar Cedar (Cedrus deodara): Originating in the Himalayas, known for its graceful form and fragrant wood.
These different cedar varieties may exhibit slight variations in hardness and density, but they all remain softwoods.
Is Cedar a Good Choice for Furniture?
While cedar is generally considered a softwood, its durability and attractive grain make it suitable for certain types of furniture, especially outdoor pieces. However, its softer nature compared to hardwoods means it may be more prone to scratching and denting. It's often used for chests and other storage applications due to its insect-repelling properties.
What are Cedar's Properties That Make it Unique?
Beyond its botanical classification, cedar is prized for its:
- Aromatic Scent: Many cedar varieties possess a distinct, pleasant aroma.
- Insect Repellency: The natural oils in cedar help repel insects, making it ideal for chests and closets.
- Rot Resistance: Cedar's natural resistance to decay makes it well-suited for outdoor use.
- Beautiful Grain: The grain patterns of cedar can be quite attractive, adding to its appeal in woodworking.
In conclusion, despite its strength and desirable properties, cedar remains a softwood. Understanding this botanical classification is key to choosing the right wood for specific applications and appreciating the unique characteristics that make cedar such a valuable material.
